Two propositional forms \(\Phi(P, Q, R, \ldots)\) and \(\Psi(P, Q, R, \ldots)\) are said to be logically equivalent when their truth tables are identical, or when the equivalence \(\Phi(P, Q, R, \ldots) \Leftrightarrow \Psi(P, Q, R, \ldots)\) is a tautology. Such equivalence is also called a logical identity.